Indicator: 5-5.4 Explain the international political alliances that impacted the United States in the latter part of the twentieth century, including the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
How did the international political alliances impact the United States in the latter part of the 20th century?
Political alliances and policies impacted the United States during the latter part of the twentieth century. As a result of World War II, many nations wanted to avoid war in the future. Representatives from fifty nations met to establish a new organization called the United Nations. The purpose of the United Nations was to find peaceful solutions to international issues. The United Nations provides a forum for debating world issues and a means for policing local conflicts while encouraging standards of humanitarian behavior. The United Nations includes a General Assembly and the Security Council. Permanent members of the Security Council were the allies of World War II.
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a military alliance that was originally established in response to the growing threat of the Soviet Union following World War II. The original members included Western European nations, the United States and Canada but membership has grown to twenty-six nations including Eastern European nations formerly part of the Soviet bloc. Each member of NATO agreed to defend each other should the Soviet Union
attack. In most cases, the United States seeks the support of NATO and/or the United Nations
before becoming directly involved in international conflicts.
As a nation, the United States relies on a large amount of oil. The United States must import much of this oil from other countries. OPEC, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, was organized by the nations of the world who produce petroleum products. This organization plays a major role in determining the rate of petroleum production as well as the price of their products. The United States must work together with OPEC to ensure that Americans receive the petroleum products necessary to sustain our level of usage. The energy crisis of the 1970s was evidence of the necessary cooperation between these entities.
#1 Read the text “Political Alliances that Impacted the United States” closely and summarize information using the Political Alliances graphic organizer. (DOK 1-2)
#2 Analyze “Political Alliances” photographs using the photo analysis sheet. (DOK 2-3)
#3 Complete task: Political Alliance Visual. (DOK 2-3)
#4 Close read the Achieve 3000 article “United Nations.” As the students read in groups, they will use the Four Square Thinking Cube to examine the United Nations and its purpose following WWII. (Draw a picture, list three key terms, list three important facts, and create a summary sentence). (DOK 2-3)
#5 Evaluate the political cartoons “US Dependency” and “World Dependency” (which depict the United States and World dependency on OPEC and oil) using the political cartoon evaluation organizer. (DOK 2-3)
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